Nomenclature
Scientific Name:
Notogrammitis angustifolia (Jacq.) Parris in Perrie & Parris, New Zealand J. Bot. 50: 465 (2012)
Synonymy:
  • Asplenium angustifolium Jacq., Collectanea 1, 121 (1787)
Lectotype (selected by Brownsey et al. 2021): [Straits of Magellan], Baie Bougainville, no collector or date, P 00632777!
  • = Grammitis magellanica Desv., Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 5: 313 (1811)
  • Polypodium billardierei var. magellanicum (Desv.) C.Chr., Ark. Bot. 10: 15 (1910)
  • Polypodium magellanicum (Desv.) Copel., Philipp. J. Sci., C 11: 44 (1916)
  • Grammitis billardierei var. magellanica (Desv.) de la Sota, Opera Lilloana 5: 205 (1961)
Holotype: America australia [South America], Herb. Desvaux, P 00632773 (!online)
  • = Polypodium poeppigianum Mett., Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2: 37 (1857)
  • Grammitis poeppigiana (Mett.) Pic.Serm., Webbia 32: 461 (1978)
Neotype (selected by Rourke & Schelpe 1978): South Africa, Stellenbosch, Jonkershoek, Victoria Peak, Esterhuysen 29290, 12 Nov. 1961, BOL!; isoneotypes E, K!, MO! (see Parris 1998 and Perrie & Parris 2012)
  • = Grammitis magellanica subsp. nothofageti Parris in Parris & Given, New Zealand J. Bot. 14: 100 (1976)
  • Notogrammitis angustifolia subsp. nothofageti (Parris) Parris in Perrie & Parris, New Zealand J. Bot. 50: 466 (2012)
Holotype: New Zealand, Southland, north of Juno Saddle, D.R. Given 71407, Oct. 1971, CHR 223040!
Etymology:
From the Latin angusti- (narrow), and folius (leaf), a reference to the linear frond of this species.
 Description

Rhizomes erect or rarely short-creeping, bearing scales. Rhizome scales narrowly ovate, 1.2–4.6 mm long, 0.3–0.8 mm wide, pale brown, concolorous, non-clathrate. Stipes indistinct, winged to base, glabrous or with very sparse pale red-brown hairs c. 0.1 mm long. Fronds undivided, linear to narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, 15–220 mm long, 2–7 mm wide; apices acute; margins entire; bases attenuate to an indistinct winged stipe; both surfaces pale green; herbaceous to coriaceous; glabrous or with sparse white to pale red-brown hairs 0.1–0.5 mm long. Hairs simple catenate, or branched with catenate branches. Hydathodes sometimes present. Sori elliptic, elongated along veins, 1.2–5.0 mm long, ± parallel to midrib or slightly oblique, in 1–37 pairs in mid to upper part of lamina, but often absent from apical portion, lacking hairs. Sporangia 180–370 µm long; spores 25–58 µm diameter.

 Recognition

Notogrammitis angustifolia is distinguished by its usually erect rhizome, narrow and glabrous fronds (<7 mm wide), lack of distinct stipes, absence of hairs in the sori, and sori often ± parallel to the midrib. It lacks setae and hairs with setiform branches.The number of pairs of sori is very variable, but they are often absent from the apical portion of the frond.

Aberrant forms with forked laminae are occasionally found.

 Distribution

North Island: Northland, Auckland, Volcanic Plateau, Gisborne, Taranaki, Southern North Island.

South Island: Western Nelson, Sounds-Nelson, Westland, Canterbury, Otago, Southland, Fiordland.

Chatham Islands, Stewart Island, Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Campbell Island.

Altitudinal range: 10–1400 m.

In the North Island Notogrammitis angustifolia occurs in montane regions from Great Barrier Island to the Tararua Mountains, with an outlying population in Warawara Forest. It grows from 400 m on Mt Holdsworth in the Tararua Ranges, to 1400 m on Mt Taranaki and the Raukūmara and Kaimanawa Ranges. It is common throughout the South Island, west of the main divide, but populations on the east coast are confined to the Catlins District, around Dunedin, and on Banks Peninsula. It reaches 1000 m near Maruia Springs, but descends almost to sea level in south Westland and Fiordland. It extends also to the Chatham Islands, Stewart Island and the southern subantarctic islands.

Also Chile, Argentina, Tristan da Cunha, Gough Island, South Africa, Australia (Victoria, Tasmania) (Perrie & Parris 2012).

 Habitat

Notogrammitis angustifolia is found as an epiphyte in podocarp, broadleaved and beech forest, in subalpine scrub, and rarely on cliff faces and banks. It favours high rainfall areas and has been recorded growing on Dicksonia squarrosa, Archeria sp., Brachyglottis elaeagnifolia, Carpodetus serratus, Coprosma antipoda, C. dumosa, C. foetidissima, C. grandifolia, C. pseudocuneata, Dracophyllum arboreum, D. scoparium, Griselinia littoralis, Halocarpus bidwillii, H. biformis, Libocedrus bidwillii, Metrosideros umbellata, Olearia avicenniifolia, O. chathamica, O. colensoi, O. ilicifolia, Phyllocladus alpinus, Podocarpus laetus, P. totara, Prumnopitys ferruginea, Pseudowintera colorata, Quintinia serrata, Toronia toru, Weinmannia racemosa and species of Nothofagaceae, as well as in Pleurophyllum bog and Carex ternaria swamp.

 Biostatus
Indigenous (Non-endemic)
 Hybridisation

There is morphological evidence for occasional hybrids between N. angustifolia and N. billardierei (CHR 178291, 189609, 214621, 387076).

 Cytology

No chromosome count has been made from New Zealand plants, but n = 37 has been recorded for Australian material (Parris 1998).

 Notes

This species was previously known in Australasia as Grammitis magellanica Desv. (e.g. Parris 1998; Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 2000). The earliest basionym for the species is Asplenium angustifolium Jacq.; the combination in Grammitis is pre-occupied by G. angustifolia Hew. (1838), but is available in the new genus Notogrammitis (Perrie & Parris 2012).

Parris & Given (1976) recognised two subspecies in New Zealand: subsp. angustifolia, confined to the subantarctic, and subsp. nothofageti, confined to the main islands. Subsp. angustifolia was distinguished by its habit of growing in colonies, its lax fronds, and its often darkened vein endings, whereas subsp. nothofageti was distinguished by its solitary habit, erect or pendulous fronds, and vein endings that were not darkened. It was also said to have larger sporangia and spores than subsp. angustifolia (Parris & Given 1976). However, with the benefit of additional specimens the distinction between the two subspecies is much less clear, and they are not recognised here.

 Bibliography
Brownsey, P.B.; Parris, B.S.; Perrie, L.R. 2021: Polypodiaceae. In: Breitwieser, I. (ed.) Flora of New Zealand — Ferns and Lycophytes. Fascicle 1. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln.
Brownsey, P.J.; Given, D.R.; Lovis, J.D. 1985: A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species. New Zealand Journal of Botany 23(3): 431–489. [as Asplenium angustifolium Jacq.; Grammitis araucana Phil.; Grammitis billardierei var. magellanica (Desv.) de la Sota; Grammitis magellanica Desv.; Grammitis magellanica Desv. subsp. magellanica; Grammitis magellanica subsp. nothofageti Parris; Grammitis poeppigiana (Mett.) Pic.Serm.; Polypodium billardierei var. magellanicum (Desv.) C.Chr.; Polypodium gramineum Poir.; Polypodium magellanicum (Desv.) Copel.; Polypodium poeppigianum Mett.]
Brownsey, P.J.; Parris, B.S.; Perrie, L.R. 2021: Taxonomic notes on the New Zealand flora: lectotypes in Polypodiaceae and Blechnaceae. New Zealand Journal of Botany 59: 244–249. (Published online 7 Oct. 2020).
Brownsey, P.J.; Smith-Dodsworth, J.C. 2000: New Zealand ferns and allied plants. Edition 2. David Bateman, Auckland. [as Grammitis poeppigiana (Mett.) Pic.Serm.]
Christensen, C. 1910: On some species of ferns collected by Dr. Carl Skottsberg in temperate South America. Arkiv för Botanik 10(2): 1–32.
Copeland, E.B. 1916: The genus Loxogramme. Philippine Journal of Science. Section C, Botany 11: 43–46.
de la Sota, E.R. 1961: Polypodiaceae y Grammitidaceae Argentinas. Opera Lilloana 5: 5–229.
de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R.; Barkla J.W.; Courtney, S.P.; Champion, P.D.; Perrie, L.R.; Beadel, S.N.; Ford, K.A.; Breitwieser, I.; Schönberger, I.; Hindmarsh-Walls, R.; Heenan, P.B.; Ladley, K. 2018: Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017. New Zealand Threat Classification Series. No. 22. [as Notogrammitis angustifolia (Jacq.) Parris subsp. angustifolia; Notogrammitis angustifolia subsp. nothofageti (Parris) Parris] [Not Threatened]
de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R.; Champion, P.D.; Courtney, S.P.; Heenan, P.B.; Barkla, J.W.; Cameron, E.K.; Norton, D.A.; Hitchmough, R.A. 2013: Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2012. New Zealand Threat Classification Series 3. Department of Conservation, Wellington. [as Notogrammitis angustifolia (Jacq.) Parris subsp. angustifolia; Notogrammitis angustifolia subsp. nothofageti (Parris) Parris] [Not Threatened]
Desvaux, N.A. 1811: Observations sur quelques nouveaux genres de fougères et sur plusieurs espèces nouvelles de la même famille. Magazin für die neuesten Entdeckungen in der gesammten Naturkunde, Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 5: 297–330.
Jacquin, N.J. 1787: Collectanea ad botanicam, chemiam, et historiam naturalem spectantia, cum figuris. Vol. 1. Vienna.
Mettenius, G.H. 1857: Über einige Farngattungen. I. Polypodium. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 2: 1–138.
Parris, B.S. 1998: Grammitidaceae. In: Flora of Australia. Vol. 48. 450–468.
Parris, B.S.; Given, D.R. 1976: A taxonomic revision of the genus Grammitis Sw. (Grammitidaceae : Filicales) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 14: 85–111.
Perrie, L.R.; Parris, B.S. 2012: Chloroplast DNA sequences indicate the grammitid ferns (Polypodiaceae) in New Zealand belong to a single clade, Notogrammitis gen. nov. New Zealand Journal of Botany 50(4): 457–472.
Pichi Sermolli, R.E.G. 1978: The botanical collections (Pteridophyta and Spermatophyta) of the AMF Mares – G.R.S.T.S. Expedition to Patagonica, Tierra del Fuego and Antarctiuca. Webbia 32: 455–534.
Rourke, J.P.; Schelpe, E.A.C.L.E. 1978: The identity of Polypodium poeppigianum Mett. (Filices). Journal of South African Botany 44: 419–420.