Classification
 Nomenclature
Scientific Name:
Hypericum tetrapterum Fr., Novit. Fl. Suec. Alt. 94, 236 (1823)
Synonymy:
  • = Hypericum quadrangulum L., Sp. Pl. 785 (1753)
  • = Hypericum acutum Moench, Methodus (Moench) 128 (1794) nom. illeg.
Vernacular Name(s):
Saint Peter's wort; square-stemmed hypericum; Square-stemmed Saint John's wort
 Description

Herbaceous perennial, woody stock, sometimes with slender stolons, up to 1 m high. Stems erect, up to 2.8 mm diam., quadrangular, 4-lined, black glands present on lines. Leaves 10.0–35.0 mm long, 4.0–18.0 mm wide, ovate, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, reticulate tertiary veins absent; pellucid glands present; black glands intramarginal; apex subacute, obtuse or rounded; margin entire; base amplexicaul or cordate; sessile. Inflorescence terminal, panicle of cymes, flowers 3–many, corolla 10.0–20.0 mm diam. Pedicels 1.0–7.0 mm long. Bracteoles 2.5–3.4 mm long, 0.4–0.8 mm wide, linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, apex acuminate. Sepals 5, 3.2–5.0 mm long, 0.7–1.3 mm wide, equal, narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic; pellucid glands present; black glands present or absent; apex acute or acuminate; margin entire. Petals 6.0–7.5 mm long, 1.5–3.0 mm wide, longer than sepals, elliptic-ovate or elliptic-oblong, pale yellow, black glands present or absent, persistent after anthesis. Stamens in 3 bundles, 30–37, 3.5–6.0 mm long, shorter than petals; anthers 0.5–0.6 mm long, anther gland black. Ovary 2.5–3.0 mm long, 1.0–1.4 mm wide, ovoid. Styles 3, 2.0–2.4 mm long, shorter than ovary. Fruit capsule, 5.0–7.5 mm long, 2.0–4.0 mm wide, ovoid or oblong-ovoid, light brown. Seeds 0.7–0.8 mm long, 0.3–0.4 mm wide, oblong, terete, light brown, apices obtuse or rounded.

 Recognition

Distinguished by quadrangular and 4-lined stems, conspicuous black glands on the stems lines, leaves with intramarginal black glands, lanceolate sepals with an acuminate apex, and the anthers with a prominent black gland.

 Distribution
 Habitat

Occurs in a variety of wet habitats such as swamps, wetlands, stream banks, and damp pasture, where it often grows amongst sedges and introduced grasses.

 Biostatus
Exotic
 First Record

Allan (1940​​​​​​​, p. 287), as Hypericum acutum. Voucher: CHR 33433, 1941.

 Phenology

Flowering: Dec.–Feb.

 Bibliography
Allan, H.H. 1940: A handbook of the naturalized flora of New Zealand. DSIR Bulletin. 83: 1–344. Government Printer, Wellington.
Fries, E.M. 1823: Novitiae Florae Suecicae, Editio Altera. Vol. 94.
Heenan, P.B. 2014: Hypericaceae. In: Breitwieser, I.; Brownsey, P.J.; Heenan, P.B.; Wilton, A.D. (ed.) Flora of New Zealand — Seed Plants. Fascicle 1. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln.
Linnaeus, C. 1753: Species Plantarum. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm.
Moench, C. 1794: Methodus plantas horti botanici et agri Marburgensis. Officina Nova Libraria Academiae, Marburg.
Tutin, T.G.; Heywood, V.H.; Burges, N.A.; Moore, D.M.; Valentine, D.H.; Walters, S.M.; Webb, D.A. (ed.) 1964–1993: Flora Europaea. Cambridge University Press.