Classification
 Nomenclature
Scientific Name:
Veronica salicornioides Hook.f., Handb. New Zealand Fl. 212 (1864)
Synonymy:
  • Hebe salicornioides (Hook.f.) Cockayne & Allan, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 57: 40 (1926)
  • Leonohebe salicornioides (Hook.f.) Heads, Bot. Soc. Otago Newsl. 5: 7 (1987)
Lectotype (designated by Ashwin, in Allan 1961): Nelson Mts, Rough, 1859, Herb. Hookerianum, K (piece on right side of a sheet that also includes two pieces of H. armstrongii collected by Sinclair and Haast)
Etymology:
The epithet salicornioides refers to the plant’s similarity to the stems of glasswort, Salicornia (Amaranthaceae).
Vernacular Name(s):
whipcord hebe
 Description

Spreading low or bushy whipcord shrub to 1 m tall. Stems ascending to erect, glabrous except for a narrow line of eglandular hairs at the connate leaf bases, or sometimes with mostly bifarious or uniform hairs at base of internodes. Leaf bud indistinct, its outer leaves fully grown, diverging. Leaves opposite-decussate, connate in pairs and encircling stem, appressed but not usually covering the obscure node above, scale-like, coriaceous, broadly deltoid, 0.8–1.5 mm long, 2–4 mm wide, dull or slightly glossy pale to dark green above and beneath; veins not evident, surfaces glabrous; margin shortly ciliate to ciliolate, entire; apex obtuse to rounded; base broad; petiole absent. Inflorescence a terminal spike, 4–16 mm long; flowers crowded, 2–10, all bisexual; bracts opposite-decussate, connate, broadly elliptic to semi-circular; pedicels absent or rarely the lowest to 0.5 mm long, eglandular-hairy all around. Calyx lobes 4–5 (the 5th small, posterior, the anterior pair free or partly to completely fused, obtuse to rounded, 1.5–2.5 mm long, sub-equal, eglandular-ciliate. Corolla 4.0–6.5 mm diameter; tube white, 1.3–1.7 mm long, about = calyx, eglandular-hairy inside; lobes 4, white, erect to recurved, sub-equal, elliptic, 1.8–3.0 mm long, obtuse; nectar guides absent. Stamen filaments white, 2.1–3.8 mm long; anthers white, pink, magenta, or purplish. Style glabrous, 3.2–5.0 mm long. Capsules latiseptate, tapered to acute or narrowly obtuse apex, glabrous, 2.5–4.3 mm long, 1.5–3.0 mm at widest point. Seeds elliptic to oblong, flattened, smooth, pale brown, 0.8–1.2 mm long.

 Recognition

Plants of Veronica salicornioides are similar to V. annulata and V. armstrongii plants, which differ in their shorter internodes and longer leaves. When fresh, V. salicornioides leaves are appressed and give the leafy stems a smooth appearance; however, the leaves separate from the stem a little when the plants are dried.

 Distribution

South Island: Marlborough (in the west from Mt Severn and Tarndale to Lake Tennyson, Mt St Patrick, Mt Charon, and Jack’s Pass).

Material said to be from Otago (Lake Harris, WELT17479, AK 8250; Humboldt Mountains, WELT 17477) has not been included in the distribution (see Bayly & Kellow 2006).

 Habitat

Red tussock grassland, flushes, and slightly boggy sites. Recorded elevations range from 1100 to 1550 m.

 Biostatus
Indigenous (Endemic)
 Phenology

Flowers: November–January; fruits: January–February, persisting longer.

 Cytology

2n = 42 (see Bayly & Kellow 2006, as Hebe salicornioides).

 Notes

Veronica salicornioides is classified in V. subg. Pseudoveronica sect. Hebe and informally in the “Flagriformes” group, also known as “whipcord hebes” (Albach & Meudt 2010; Bayly & Kellow 2006). Four whipcord hebes characterised by fused anterior calyx lobes and exposed but obscure leaf nodes are probably all closely related: V. annulata, V. armstrongii, V. ochracea, and V. salicornioides. These species also differ from the other whipcord hebes in having 2n = 42, 84, or in the case of V. ochracea, 2n = 124.

 Bibliography
Albach, D.C.; Meudt, H.M. 2010: Phylogeny of Veronica in the Southern and Northern Hemispheres based on plastid, nuclear ribosomal and nuclear low-copy DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 457–471.
Bayly, M.J.; Kellow, A.V. 2006: An Illustrated Guide to New Zealand Hebes. Te Papa Press, Wellington.
Cockayne, L.; Allan, H.H. 1926: The present taxonomic status of the New Zealand species of Hebe. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute 57: 11–47.
de Lange, P.J.; Norton, D.A.; Courtney, S.P.; Heenan, P.B.; Barkla, J.W.; Cameron, E.K.; Hitchmough, R.; Townsend, A.J. 2009: Threatened and uncommon plants of New Zealand (2008 revision). New Zealand Journal of Botany 47: 61–96. [as Hebe salicornioides (Hook.f.) Cockayne & Allan] [Nationally Endangered]
de Lange, P.J.; Norton, D.A.; Heenan, P.B.; Courtney, S.P.; Molloy, B.P.J.; Ogle, C.C.; Rance, B.D. 2004: Threatened and uncommon plants of New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 42(1): 45–76. [as Hebe salicornioides (Hook.f.) Cockayne & Allan]
de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R.; Barkla J.W.; Courtney, S.P.; Champion, P.D.; Perrie, L.R.; Beadel, S.N.; Ford, K.A.; Breitwieser, I.; Schönberger, I.; Hindmarsh-Walls, R.; Heenan, P.B.; Ladley, K. 2018: Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017. New Zealand Threat Classification Series. No. 22. [Nationally Endangered]
de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R.; Champion, P.D.; Courtney, S.P.; Heenan, P.B.; Barkla, J.W.; Cameron, E.K.; Norton, D.A.; Hitchmough, R.A. 2013: Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2012. New Zealand Threat Classification Series 3. Department of Conservation, Wellington. [as Hebe salicornioides (Hook.f.) Cockayne & Allan] [Nationally Endangered]
Garnock-Jones, P.J. 2023: Veronica. In: Breitwieser, I. (ed.) Flora of New Zealand – Seed Plants. Fascicle 9. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln.
Garnock-Jones, P.J.; Albach, D.; Briggs, B.G. 2007: Botanical names in Southern Hemisphere Veronica (Plantaginaceae): sect. Detzneria, sect. Hebe, and sect. Labiatoides. Taxon 56: 571–582.
Heads, M. 1987: New names in New Zealand Scrophulariaceae. Botanical Society of Otago Newsletter 5: 4–11.
Hooker, J.D. 1864: Handbook of the New Zealand Flora: a systematic description of the native plants of New Zealand and the Chatham, Kermadec's, Lord Auckland's, Campbell's and Macquarie's Islands. Part I. Reeve, London.