Classification
 Nomenclature
Scientific Name:
Veronica hookeri (Buchanan) Garn.-Jones in Garnock-Jones et al., Taxon 56: 577 (2007)
Synonymy:
  • Mitrasacme hookeri Buchanan, Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 14: 348 (1882)
Holotype: Herb. Buchanan, WELT [formerly housed at Otago Museum]. Isotype: Mt Alta, 5,000 ft, “given to me by Mr Buchanan as part of his type specimen of 'Mitrasacme Hookeri'”, Herb. T. Kirk, WELT 13044
  • = Logania ciliolata Hook.f., Handb. New Zealand Fl. 737 (1867)
  • Veronica gilliesiana Kirk, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 28: 519 (1896) nom. nov. pro Logania ciliolata Hook.f. 1867
  • Hebe ciliolata (Hook.f.) Cockayne & Allan, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 57: 39 (1926)
  • Hebe gilliesiana (Kirk) J.T.Wall, New Fl. & Silva 11: 135 (1939)
  • Leonohebe ciliolata (Hook.f.) Heads, Bot. Soc. Otago Newsl. 5: 5 (1987)
Lectotype (designated by Bayly & Kellow 2006): slopes above Browning’s Pass, 4000-6000 ft, Haast 95, 1 April 1866 [assuming the date at the bottom of the label, 21 Nov 1866, is the date the specimen was received at K], K
Etymology:
The epithet hookeri commemorates Joseph Dalton Hooker, author of two New Zealand Floras and director of Kew Gardens, London.
 Description

Semi-whipcord sub-shrub to 0.3 m tall. Stems decumbent, glabrous.  Leaf bud indistinct, its outer leaves fully grown, diverging. Leaves opposite-decussate, connate in pairs and encircling stem, appressed to erecto-patent, crowded and overlapping; lamina sub-coriaceous, narrow-oblong above a broad, triangular base, 2–6 mm long, 1–3 mm wide, dull green to dark green above and beneath; veins not evident; surfaces glabrous; margin ciliate except at apex, entire; apex swollen and rounded; bases broad; petiole absent. Inflorescence a lateral spike or raceme, 4–10 mm long; flowers crowded, 2–6, female or male on separate plants, ♂ > ♀; bracts opposite-decussate, connate, deltoid, > pedicels; pedicels erecto-patent, 0–1 mm long, glabrous or eglandular-hairy all around. Calyx lobes 4, obtuse, equal, 2.0–2.5 mm long, mixed glandular- and eglandular-ciliate, rarely eglandular-hairy on outside. Corolla 3.0–6.5 mm diameter; tube white, 1.2–2.0 (♀) or 1.6–2.3 (♂) long, ≤calyx, glabrous; lobes 4, white, sub-erect to recurved, sub-equal to unequal, broadly ovate, rhomboid, or obovate, 1.2–2.5 mm long, obtuse; nectar guides absent. Stamen filaments white, 1.5–2.5 mm long (staminodes in ♀ 0.4–1.0 mm long); anthers magenta to purple. Style glabrous, 1.5–2.7 mm long. Capsules angustiseptate, obtuse, glabrous, 3.0–4.3 mm long, 1.6–3.3 mm at widest point. Seeds ellipsoid to discoid, flattened, smooth, brown, 0.8–1.3 mm long.

 Recognition

V. hookeri belongs to a well-supported clade of four species, the semi-whipcord hebes; the other species are V. quadrifaria, V. tetrasticha, and V. tumida. Semi-whipcord hebes are characterised by and distinguished from true whipcord hebes by very crowded, dull green, scale-like leaves that are long-persistent on old stems, dioecious sexual systems, and angustiseptate capsules.

The leaves of V. hookeri are longer than those seen in plants of the other three species, more-or-less oblong in shape above a broad base, with a blunt, swollen tip that usually has a small, sunken hydathode. The longer leaves mean that branchlet width including the leaves is 3–8 mm, whereas in the other semi-whipcord hebes leafy branchlets are 1.3–3.5(–4.0) mm wide.

 Distribution

South Island: Western Nelson, Sounds Nelson (Richmond Range), Westland, Marlborough (western), Canterbury (western). A single record from Otago, Mt Alta, the type specimen of Mitrasacme hookeri Buchanan, should be treated with caution as discussed by Bayly and Kellow (2006, as Leonohebe ciliolata).

 Habitat

Alpine rock outcrops and boulder-fields, often in exposed situations, in wetter mountain ranges mostly along and west of the main divide. Recorded elevations range from 793 to 2135 m.

 Biostatus
Indigenous (Endemic)
 Hybridisation

V. hookeri appears to intergrade with V. tumida at some localities, possibly due to hybridism (Bayly & Kellow 2006).

There is also one record of V. hookeri × pulvinaris (Meudt & Bayly 2008).

 Phenology

Flowers: (October–)November–February(–July); fruits: January–March(–August).

 Cytology

2n = 42 (see Bayly & Kellow 2006, as Leonohebe ciliolata).

 Notes

Veronica hookeri is classified in V. subg. Pseudoveronica sect. Hebe and informally in the “semi-whipcord hebe” group (Albach & Meudt 2010). V. hookeri belongs to a well-supported clade of four species, the semi-whipcord hebes; the other species are V. quadrifaria, V. tetrasticha, and V. tumida. Relationships within this grouping are unclear.

 Bibliography
Albach, D.C.; Meudt, H.M. 2010: Phylogeny of Veronica in the Southern and Northern Hemispheres based on plastid, nuclear ribosomal and nuclear low-copy DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 457–471.
Bayly, M.J.; Kellow, A.V. 2006: An Illustrated Guide to New Zealand Hebes. Te Papa Press, Wellington. [as Hebe ciliolata (Hook.f.) Cockayne & Allan; Leonohebe ciliolata (Hook.f.) Heads; Logania ciliolata Hook.f.; Mitrasacme hookeri Buchanan; Veronica gilliesiana Kirk]
Buchanan, J. 1882: On the alpine flora of New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 14: 342–356.
Cockayne, L.; Allan, H.H. 1926: The present taxonomic status of the New Zealand species of Hebe. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute 57: 11–47.
de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R.; Barkla J.W.; Courtney, S.P.; Champion, P.D.; Perrie, L.R.; Beadel, S.N.; Ford, K.A.; Breitwieser, I.; Schönberger, I.; Hindmarsh-Walls, R.; Heenan, P.B.; Ladley, K. 2018: Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017. New Zealand Threat Classification Series. No. 22. [Not Threatened]
de Lange, P.J.; Rolfe, J.R.; Champion, P.D.; Courtney, S.P.; Heenan, P.B.; Barkla, J.W.; Cameron, E.K.; Norton, D.A.; Hitchmough, R.A. 2013: Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2012. New Zealand Threat Classification Series 3. Department of Conservation, Wellington. [as Leonohebe ciliolata (Hook.f.) Heads] [Not Threatened]
Garnock-Jones, P.J. 2023: Veronica. In: Breitwieser, I. (ed.) Flora of New Zealand – Seed Plants. Fascicle 9. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln.
Garnock-Jones, P.J.; Albach, D.; Briggs, B.G. 2007: Botanical names in Southern Hemisphere Veronica (Plantaginaceae): sect. Detzneria, sect. Hebe, and sect. Labiatoides. Taxon 56: 571–582.
Heads, M. 1987: New names in New Zealand Scrophulariaceae. Botanical Society of Otago Newsletter 5: 4–11.
Hooker, J.D. 1867: Handbook of the New Zealand Flora: a systematic description of the native plants of New Zealand and the Chatham, Kermadec's, Lord Auckland's, Campbell's, and Macquarrie's Islands. Part II. Reeve, London.
Kirk, T. 1896: Notes on certain Veronicas, and descriptions of new species. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute 28: 515–531.
Meudt, H.M.; Bayly, M.J. 2008: Phylogeographic patterns in the Australasian genus Chionohebe (Veronica s.l., Plantaginaceae) based on AFLP and chloroplast DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47: 319–338.
Wall, J.T. 1939: New and interesting plants. New Flora and Silva 11: 135–140.