Pentapogon quadrifidus (Labill.) Baill.

Erect annual or short-lived perennial tufts, 15–60 cm; branching extravaginal. Leaf-sheath rounded, membranous, light green to cream, or light brown with strong, paler ribs, ± glabrous and shining to densely pubescent, shredding into fibres at maturity. Ligule 0.3–0.6 mm, membranous, truncate, erose, abaxially ciliate. Leaf-blade 3–6 cm × 0.5–0.9 mm diam., strongly involute, ± densely pubescent, tip subacute. Culm erect, slender, nodes pubescent, internodes ± villous especially near nodes. Panicle 4–8 cm, rather dense to ± lax, shortly and narrowly branched; rachis glabrous to pubescent, branches pubescent. Spikelets 1-flowered, 12–20 mm, light greenish brown to purplish; disarticulation above glumes; rachilla very shortly prolonged. Glumes subequal, 1–3-nerved, submembranous, acute to shortly mucronate, keeled, keel scabrid; lower 1-nerved, upper 3-nerved. Lemma 3.2–4.5 mm, 5-nerved, chartaceous, firmer than glumes, tightly involute, finely, closely scabrid above, apex 2-lobed with stout geniculate awn from sinus and each lobe tipped by 2 short fine awns; central awn with twisted column 2–6 mm and inclined ± straight arista 6–12 mm, lateral awns straight, 2–7.5 mm. Palea hyaline, shorter and narrower than lemma, 2-keeled, keels short-ciliate near apex. Callus hair-fringed, hairs 1–1.3 mm. Lodicules 2, glabrous. Stamens 3; anthers 0.4–0.7 mm. Ovary glabrous, styles free. Caryopsis c. 2.3 × 0.5–0.8 mm; embryo small; hilum punctiform; endosperm liquid.

[From: Edgar and Connor (2000) Flora of New Zealand. Volume 5 (second printing).]